Growing The Coffee Plant

Coffee may be the favorite stimulant of people all over the world, but they may not know how those coffee beans and granules are cultivated. Some even think that they come out like the powdered instant drinks that we are so used to.

This is not so.

Looking at the market

Coffee granules actually come from the beans of a coffee plant. Whatever coffee drink you love, be it plain black or those with whipped creams on top, they all come from the same plant. Many countries grow coffee plants in their fields. They are usually situated in the regions between the tropic of Capricorn and Cancer. Some of these regions are South and Central America and Middle East. Brazil is the largest producer, accounting for about 30 –35 percent of the market. Columbia follows, having 12 percent market share.

There are actually two leading coffee varieties. One of them, the Arabica makes up about 70 percent of the whole market in the world. This actually considered as the best in the world… when it is good quality. Incompetence and poor quality control has lessened the appeal of the Arabica to consumers. In fact, many are choosing Robusta, which makes up the rest of the 30 percent, shared with other much rare varieties.

Essentials of a good cultivation

Coffee plants are cultivated on plantations, so much like those that cultivate cotton. It is however not so easy to grow a coffee plant. There is a specific temperature, which will suit cultivation—
About 15-24 Celsius. Fluctuations in the temperature can even affect the taste.

The soil where the coffee grows should also be well aerated. This is because the plants need to have a constant supply of oxygen in the roots.

Water is another important thing when it comes to growing coffee plants. The plantations need about 1500 mm to 2000 mm of rainfall every year. If these figures aren't reached, then irrigation needs to be instituted.

Some believe that altitudes also play a role in cultivating the best coffee plants. Most of the best coffees in the world are grown at over 3000 feet. This is perhaps because it takes longer for the coffee plants to mature at these level, thus flavor are developed over time in the seeds of the berries.

However, those that are produced at lower altitudes are healthier and stronger. They are more sickness and disease-resistant compared to other coffee plants.